NEET GURU

 Aldehyde Ketone and Carboxylic acid Short notes Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (Chapter 12, NCERT Class 12 Chemistry) This chapter covers three important functional groups of organic compounds: aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. It delves into their structure, preparation, properties, and reactions. 1. Structure and Nomenclature: Aldehydes contain a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydrogen atom attached to it (R-CHO). Ketones have a carbonyl group with two carbon atoms attached to it (R-CO-R'). Carboxylic acids contain a carbonyl group bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH), forming a carboxyl group (R-COOH). The chapter covers IUPAC nomenclature for these functional groups. 2. Preparation Methods: Aldehydes: Oxidation of primary alcohols, reduction of acyl chlorides, dehydrogenation of primary alcohols. Ketones: Oxidation of secondary alcohols, Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. Carboxylic Acids: Oxidation of primary or secondary alcohols, hydrolysis of esters or...

 NEET GURU Mind maps by Mridul Tiwari - Here is a detailed summary of each of the chapters NCERT biology textbook suitable for Class 11 students and those preparing for the NEET exam: Chapter 1: The Living World In this introductory chapter, students explore the fascinating world of life. They learn about the fundamental characteristics of living organisms, such as organization, growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, and adaptation. The chapter delves into the diversity of life forms, from microbes to complex organisms, and the criteria used for their classification. Understanding the living world is crucial as it forms the foundation for all biological studies, including the subsequent chapters. Download Mind Map - The Living World Mind map Chapter 2: Biological Classification Biological Classification focuses on the systematic arrangement of living organisms into various categories based on their shared characteristics. Students learn about the hierarchy of classification, wh...