This chapter deals with classification of 1.7 - 1.8 million species that inhabit this world.
Biological classification of plants and animals was first proposed by Aristotle on the basis of simple morphological characters.
You also learn to name species according to a universally adopted System of Nomenclature, that is Binomial nomenclature. This system was given by Carolus Linneaus.
Two Kingdom system of classification with Plantae and Animalia kingdoms was also developed by Linneaus. It consists of Kindgom Plantea and Kingdom Animalia only.
Im 1969 R.H. Whittaker proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
Some acellular organisms like viruses and viroids as well as the lichens are not included in the five kingdom system of classification.
The main topics you've to study are -
Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Animalia
Viruses, Viroids and Lichens
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Kbhi to share kr diya karo... Nhi to tumhara Biological Classification me se naam hta denge... Naam chhodo species hi gayab kr denge😅💀
Mind map is fully NCERT based and in easy English language to make it fully understandable for students. It follows latest syllabus by CBSE.
Some Previous years questions from this chapter -
1. Five kingdom system of classification suggested by R.H.Whittaker is not based on
(a) presence or absence of a well defined nucleus
(b) mode of reproduction
(c) mode of nutrition
(d) complexity of body organisation.
2. Match the organisms in column-I with habitats in
column-II.
Column-I Column-II
A. Halophiles (i) Hot springs
B. Thermoacidophiles (ii) Aquatic environment
C. Methanogens (iii)Guts of ruminants
D. Cyanobacteria (iv) Salty area
Select the correct answer from the options given
below.
(a) A-(iv), B-(i), C-(iii), D-(ii)
(b) A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)
(c) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
(d) A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i)
3. Which among the following are the smallest living cells, known without a definite cell wall, and can survive without oxygen?
(a) Pseudomonas (b) Mycoplasma
(c) Nostoc (d) Bacillus
4. BGA (blue green algae) are included in which of the following groups?
(a) Bryophytes. (b) Prokaryotes
(c) Protista (d) Fungi
5. Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria in
(a) cell membrane structure
(b) mode of nutrition
(c) cell shape
(d) mode of reproduction.
6. In bacteria, plasmid is
(a) extra chromosomal material
(b) main DNA
(c) non functional DNA
(d) repetitive gene.
7.Select the correct combination of the statements regarding the characteristics of certain organisms.
(i) Methanogens are archaebacteria which produce methane in marshy areas.
(ii) Nostoc is a filamentous blue-green alga which fixes atmospheric nitrogen.
(iii)Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose.
(iv) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive without oxygen.
8. Which one belongs to Monera?
(a) Amoeba (b) Escherichia
(c) Gelidium (d) Spirogyra
9. One of the major components of cell wall of most fungi is
(a) cellulose (b) hemicellulose
(c) chitin (d) peptidoglycan.
10. Which one of the following matches is correct?
(a) Mucor - Reproduction by conjugation - Ascomycetes
(b) Agaricus - Parasitic fungus - Basidiomycetes
(c) Phytophthora - Aseptate mycelium - Basidiomycetes
(d) Alternaria - Sexual reproduction absent - Deuteromycetes
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